Research notes and updates from the team.
The SST anomaly in the NINO3.4 region during the Feb-Apr 2025 season was -0.14 °C, and for April 2025, it was -0.16 °C. The most recent weekly average (week centered on May 14, 2025) of the NINO3.4 index was -0.10 °C. The latest seasonal, monthly, and weekly values suggest that the tropical Pacific has been experiencing ENSO-neutral conditions.
Read more →The SST anomaly in the NINO3.4 region during the Dec-Feb 2025 season was -0.56 °C, and for February 2025, it was -0.35 °C. The most recent weekly average (week centered on March 12, 2025) of the NINO3.4 index was 0.3 °C. The latest seasonal, monthly, and weekly values suggest that the tropical Pacific has been experiencing ENSO-neutral conditions.
Read more →Note: NASA-GEOS2S data is unavailable due to technical issues at the time this forecast was published.
Read more →The SST anomaly in the NINO3.4 region during the Dec-Feb 2025 season was -0.56 °C, and for February 2025, it was -0.35 °C. The most recent weekly average (week centered on March 12, 2025) of the NINO3.4 index was 0.3 °C. The latest seasonal, monthly, and weekly values suggest that the tropical Pacific has been experiencing ENSO-neutral conditions.
Read more →During February 2025, negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies declined over the central-eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, leading to a NINO3.4 anomaly index value of -0.35 °C. Also, the weekly-averaged SST anomalies in the NINO3.4 region were 0.0 °C for the week centered on Mar 05, 2025. This indicates the weakening of the ongoing La Niña conditions in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
Read more →The SST anomaly in the NINO3.4 region during the Nov-Jan 2024 season was -0.50 °C, and for the month of January 2025 it was -0.71 °C. The most recent weekly average (week centered on 12 February 2025) of the NINO3.4 index was -0.3 °C. The latest seasonal and monthly values suggest that the tropical Pacific has been experiencing weak La Niña conditions.
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